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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βont͡ɕem | om βont͡ɕo |
| 2SG: | βont͡ɕet | ot βont͡ɕo |
| 3SG: | βont͡ɕa | ok/ogeʃ βont͡ɕo |
| 1PL: | βont͡ɕena | ona/ogəna βont͡ɕo |
| 2PL: | βont͡ɕeda | oda/ogəda βont͡ɕo |
| 3PL: | βont͡ɕat | ogət βont͡ɕo |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βont͡ɕəʃəm | ʃəm βont͡ɕo |
| 2SG: | βont͡ɕəʃət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ βont͡ɕo |
| 3SG: | βont͡ɕəʃ | əʃ βont͡ɕo |
| 1PL: | βont͡ɕəʃna | əʃna βont͡ɕo |
| 2PL: | βont͡ɕəʃda | əʃda βont͡ɕo |
| 3PL: | βont͡ɕəʃt | əʃt βont͡ɕo |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βont͡ɕenam | βont͡ɕen oməl |
| 2SG: | βont͡ɕenat | βont͡ɕen otəl |
| 3SG: | βont͡ɕen | βont͡ɕen ogəl |
| 1PL: | βont͡ɕenːa | βont͡ɕen onal/ogənal |
| 2PL: | βont͡ɕenda | βont͡ɕen odal/ogədal |
| 3PL: | βont͡ɕenət | βont͡ɕen ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βont͡ɕem əʎe | om βont͡ɕo əʎe |
| 2SG: | βont͡ɕet əʎe | ot βont͡ɕo əʎe |
| 3SG: | βont͡ɕa əʎe | ok/ogeʃ βont͡ɕo əʎe |
| 1PL: | βont͡ɕena əʎe | ona/ogəna βont͡ɕo əʎe |
| 2PL: | βont͡ɕeda əʎe | oda/ogəda βont͡ɕo əʎe |
| 3PL: | βont͡ɕat əʎe | ogət βont͡ɕo əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βont͡ɕem ulmaʃ | om βont͡ɕo ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | βont͡ɕet ulmaʃ | ot βont͡ɕo ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | βont͡ɕa ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ βont͡ɕo ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | βont͡ɕena ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna βont͡ɕo ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | βont͡ɕeda ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda βont͡ɕo ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | βont͡ɕat ulmaʃ | ogət βont͡ɕo ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βont͡ɕenam əʎe | βont͡ɕen oməl əʎe |
| 2SG: | βont͡ɕenat əʎe | βont͡ɕen otəl əʎe |
| 3SG: | βont͡ɕen əʎe | βont͡ɕen ogəl əʎe |
| 1PL: | βont͡ɕenːa əʎe | βont͡ɕen onal/ogənal əʎe |
| 2PL: | βont͡ɕenda əʎe | βont͡ɕen odal/ogədal əʎe |
| 3PL: | βont͡ɕen əʎe | βont͡ɕen ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βont͡ɕenam ulmaʃ | βont͡ɕen oməl ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | βont͡ɕenat ulmaʃ | βont͡ɕen otəl ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | βont͡ɕen ulmaʃ | βont͡ɕen ogəl ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | βont͡ɕenːa ulmaʃ | βont͡ɕen onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | βont͡ɕenda ulmaʃ | βont͡ɕen odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | βont͡ɕen ulmaʃ | βont͡ɕen ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | βont͡ɕo | it βont͡ɕo |
| 3SG: | βont͡ɕəʒo | ənʒe βont͡ɕo |
| 1PL: | (βont͡ɕena) | (ona/ogəna βont͡ɕo) |
| 2PL: | βont͡ɕəza | ida βont͡ɕo |
| 3PL: | βont͡ɕəʃt | ənəʃt βont͡ɕo |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βont͡ɕənem | ənem βont͡ɕo |
| 2SG: | βont͡ɕənet | ənet βont͡ɕo |
| 3SG: | βont͡ɕəneʒe | əneʒ βont͡ɕo |
| 1PL: | βont͡ɕənena | ənena βont͡ɕo |
| 2PL: | βont͡ɕəneda | əneda βont͡ɕo |
| 3PL: | βont͡ɕəneʃt | əneʃt βont͡ɕo |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βont͡ɕənem əʎe | ənem βont͡ɕo əʎe |
| 2SG: | βont͡ɕənena əʎe | ənet βont͡ɕo əʎe |
| 3SG: | βont͡ɕəneʒe əʎe | əneʒ βont͡ɕo əʎe |
| 1PL: | βont͡ɕənena əʎe | ənena βont͡ɕo əʎe |
| 2PL: | βont͡ɕəneda əʎe | əneda βont͡ɕo əʎe |
| 3PL: | βont͡ɕəneʃt əʎe | əneʃt βont͡ɕo əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | βont͡ɕənet ulmaʃ | ənet βont͡ɕo ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | βont͡ɕəneʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ βont͡ɕo ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | βont͡ɕəneda ulmaʃ | əneda βont͡ɕo ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | βont͡ɕəneʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt βont͡ɕo ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | βont͡ɕaʃ |
| Necessitive infinitive: | βont͡ɕəman |
| Active participle: | βont͡ɕəʃo |
| Passive participle: | βont͡ɕəmo |
| Future-necessitive participle: | βont͡ɕəʃaʃ |
| Negative participle: | βont͡ɕədəmo |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | βont͡ɕen |
| Negative gerund: | βont͡ɕəde |
| Gerund of prior action: | βont͡ɕəmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | βont͡ɕəmeʃ(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | βont͡ɕəʃəla |
| Nominalization: | βont͡ɕəmaʃ |
| Negative nominalization: | βont͡ɕədəmaʃ |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||